Country: Soviet Union
Birth: 1907 (Ukraine) / Death: 1966 (Moscow)
Biography:
Soviet rocket engineer, chief engineer and designer of rockets and space rockets, and is considered the father of Soviet space rockets that made the Soviet Union a leading rocket-space state. Unlike his German-American counterpart Wernher von Braun, Korolev’s pioneering role in the Soviet space program was kept a closely guarded secret until long after his death. He was known only as Chief Designer, and although he specialized in rocket design, his work included design, organization, and strategic planning. When Korolev was 16, he took up the hobby of lecturing on aeronautical sciences, until in 1924 he enrolled at the Technological Institute in Kiev to study aviation equipment.
In 1931, Korolev and his comrades sought to establish a social organization in Moscow called the “Jet Mobility Study Group”, which later became a state scientific laboratory that designed and manufactured jet aircraft devices and where the first liquid-fuel ballistic missiles were manufactured and launched. Despite his imprisonment in 1938 in a Siberian prison on charges of “undermining the prestige of the state”, after his release he became a chief designer and a key figure in the Soviet intercontinental ballistic missile program, to be nominated later to lead the Soviet space program, which succeeded in several early projects, most notably the Sputnik satellite (the first artificial satellite sent into space in 1957) and the Vostok program, which included sending the first human into outer space in 1961 (Yuri Gagarin), and the first woman in outer space in 1963 (Valentina Tereshkova). Korolev died suddenly in 1966 as a result of surgery, leaving behind plans to compete with the United States in landing on the moon.
References: (Wikipedia.com)، (rt.arabic.com)، (youm7.com).
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